Dog Seizures

A common misconception when referring to seizures is that they only occur in humans. This is far from true, as many canines have been diagnosed with the disorder also. In fact, it is estimated that up to 5% of dogs may suffer from seizures. In this article, we will discuss frequent causes for seizure, common signs, and what to do if your dog has a seizure.

CAUSES OF SEIZURES

Another common misconception of seizures is that they are always brought on by the condition of Epilepsy. While this is the most frequent cause, is only associated with multiple onsets of seizure episodes. There are situations in which a dog may exhibit seizures occasionally or even just one time. In these cases, cause for a seizure may be from one of the following:

HEAD INJURY: It is not unusual for a dog to suffer from seizures after head trauma. These seizures may be only once, or become recurring.

VIRAL INFECTION: Many times, a dog who has distemper or meningitis may suffer from seizures as a result of swelling and inflammation within the nervous system and in the brain. High fevers have also been known to cause seizures.

CONGENITAL DEFECT OR BRAIN ABNORMALITIES: Defective conditions such as Hydrocephalus and brain tumors can cause seizure.

POISONING: Foods and chemicals that can be toxic in dogs such as chocolate and onions, certain plants, and household chemicals can induce seizures and possibly death.

If your dog experiences seizures, a trip to the veterinarian’s office will help to determine the cause. Your vet will run a series of tests that generally include a CT scan, blood screen, MRI, and possible spinal tap to establish the root origins for the seizure.

SIGNS OF SEIZURE

While there are varying types and degrees of seizure, all seizures result in the loss of consciousness. Below are some warning signs and symptoms that a dog might display before and during an episode of seizures.

The Aura Phase: Often a precursor to seizure onset, dogs may display symptoms such as:

• Hiding
• Restlessness
• Whining
• Pacing

The Ictus Phase: During this phase, seizure is taking place and behaviors may include:

• A heightened state of excitement
• Vomiting
• Unconsciousness
• Spastic muscle movements
• Unresponsive dilated pupils
• Pooping or peeing
• Paddling of legs
• Smacking of lips

Post-Ictus Phase: This period constitutes the recuperation phase of a seizure and can last for some time. Post seizure mannerisms may include:

• Appearance of confusion
• Temporary blindness
• Extreme lethargy
• May become exceptionally hungry

When witness to your dogs seizure, it is a natural and loving response to want to help him or her. In the case of seizures, however; it is best to let the seizures natural course take effect. You may aid your dog by keeping your composure, moving any hazards out of the way, and through monitoring the situation. It is important to note that unlike human seizures, it is not wise to attempt to place anything inside of your dog’s mouth during a seizure as this may result in injury to you.

If this is your dog’s first seizure, contact your veterinarian as soon as possible so that he or she may assist you in determining the best course of action in preventing and treating any further episodes.